《词汇学概论》教学大纲
An Overview of Lexicology
课程编码：08A11450 学分：2.0 课程类别：专业任选课
计划学时：32 其中讲课：32 实验或实践：0 上机：0
适用专业：英语
推荐教材：张韵斐，《现代英语词汇学概论（第2版）》，北京师范大学出版社，2004年.
参考书目：1.汪榕培，王之江，朱越峰，《英语词汇学》，华东师范大学出版社, 2011年.
2.陈友良，刘明东，《英语词汇学》，电子科技大学出版社, 2005年.
3.冯世梅，《英语词汇学》，中国水利水电出版社,2002年.
课程的教学目的与任务
本课程的教学目的是培养学生在英语学习中对所观察到的英文词汇现象加以分析和总结的技能和习惯，从而使学生提高对英文词汇的理解、欣赏和分析能力。课程的主要任务是系统地介绍英语词汇学知识，通过课堂授课的方式，使学生能够掌握英语词汇学的基础知识从而更科学地学习英语词汇，运用词汇学中所学到的基本知识和理论来分析和理解英语词汇，正确地使用英语词汇。
课程的基本要求
1.了解词汇的来源、发展和国别特征。
2.掌握英语词汇构词方法。
3.理解有关词义的基本知识并学会运用其分析具体词汇问题。
4.了解英语习语的特征和分类，记忆重点英语习语并能熟练运用。
各章节授课内容、教学方法及学时分配建议
Chapter 1 A General Survey of English Vocabulary 建议学时：2
[教学目的与要求]
通过本章学习了解英语词汇的发展历史，现代英语词汇快速发展的原因，掌握英语单词不同的分类标准。
[教学重点与难点]
教学重点：1. Definition of English words
2. The three phases of English vocabulary
教学难点：Classification of English vocabulary?
[授 课 方 法]
多媒体辅助课堂讲授为主，课堂讨论和课下自学为辅。
[授 课 内 容]
1.1 The development of English vocabulary
A. English vocabulary as viewed in the historical perspective
B. The rapid growth of present-day English vocabulary
1.2. Classifications of English words according to different criteria
A. By origin:
B. By level of usage
C. By notion
Chapter 2 Morphological Structure of English Words 建议学时：2
[教学目的与要求]
通过本章学习掌握语素的概念及其分类。
[教学重点与难点]
教学重点：1. Definition of morpheme
2. Definition of allomorph
教学难点：Classification of morphemes
[授 课 方 法]
多媒体辅助课堂讲授为主，课堂讨论和课下自学为辅。
[授 课 内 容]
2.1 Morphemes
A. Definition
B. Allomorphs
2.2 Classification of Morphemes
A. Free morphemes and bound morphemes
B. Roots and affixes
Chapter 3 Word-formation I (the three major processes of word-formation) 建议学时：3
[教学目的与要求]
通过本章学习掌握英语词汇的三种主要构成方法：合成法（compounding），派生法(derivation)和转换法(conversion)。能够辨别三种构词法的不同并由此推测词类和词义。
[教学重点与难点]
1. Definition and illustration of compounding
2. Definition and illustration of derivation
3. Definition and illustration of conversion
[授 课 方 法]
多媒体辅助课堂讲授为主，课堂讨论和课下自学为辅。
[授 课 内 容]
3.1 General Remarks
A. Percentage of new words coined by the different word-formation processes after World War II
B. Some basic concepts of word- formation
3.2 Compounding
A. Definition
B. Classification of compounds
3.3 Derivation
A. Definition
B. Prefixation
C. Suffixation
3.4 Conversion
A. Introductory remarks
B. Types of conversion
Chapter 4 Word-formation II (the minor processes of word-formation) 建议学时：3
[教学目的与要求]
通过本章学习掌握八类次要构词法：首字母法(acronym)，混合法(blending)，截短法(clipping)，专有名词(word from proper names)，逆构法(back-formation)，复制法(reduplication)，新古典法(neo-classical formation)以及混杂法(miscellaneous)。能够辨别这八种构词法的不同并由此推测词类和词义。
[教学重点与难点]
1. Definition of acronym
2. The difference between initialism and acronym
3. Definition of back-formation and clipping
[授 课 方 法]
多媒体辅助课堂讲授为主，课堂讨论和课下自学为辅。
[授 课 内 容]
4.1 Acronymy: Initialisms and Acronyms
A. Initialisms
B. Acronyms
4.2 Clipping
A. Back Clippings
B. Front Clippins
C. Front and back clippings
D. Phrase clippings
4.3 Blending
A. The first part of the first word + the last part of the second one
B. The first part of the first word + the first part of the second one
C. Whole form of the first word + last part of the second word
D. First part of the first word + whole form of the second word
4.4 Back-formation
A. Definition
B. Sources of back-formation
4.5 Words from Proper Names
A. Words from the names of scientists
B. Words from the names of politicians and statesmen
C. Words from the names of places
D. Words from trademarks
E. Words from literature
4.6 Reduplication
A. Definition
B. Sources of reduplication
4.7 Neoclassical Formation
A. Definition
B. Sources neoclassical formation
4.8 Miscellaneous
A. Definition
B. Sources
Chapter 5 Word Meaning and Semantic Features 建议学时：4
[教学目的与要求]
通过本章学习掌握词义及其语义关系。理解无论是在语音上还是拼写上，大多数英语词汇跟它的意义关系几乎都是任意的。分析语义成分分析的利弊
[教学重点与难点]
1. The difference between grammatical meaning and lexical meaning.
2. Ways to identify semantic features.
[授 课 方 法]
多媒体辅助课堂讲授为主，课堂讨论和课下自学为辅。
[授 课 内 容]
5.1 Conventionality and Motivation
A. Conventionality
B. Motivation
5.2 Main types of Word Meaning
A. Grammar meaning
B. Lexical meaning
5.3 Componential Analysis and Semantic Features
A. Componential Analysis on the basis of semantic contrast
B. Advantages and disadvantages of componential Analysis
Chapter 6 Polysemy and Homonymy 建议学时：4
[教学目的与要求]
通过本章学习掌握一词多义和同音异义词的概念及三种不同的同音异义词：完全同音同形词（perfect homonyms）、同音异义词（homophones）和同形异义词（homographs）。了解同音异义词的三种主要来源。学会赏析一词多义跟同音异义词都具有使文章更具幽默讽刺和戏剧性的文体价值。
[教学重点与难点]
1. Definition of polysemy and homonym
2. Definition of radiation and concatenation
3. Sources of homonyms
[授 课 方 法]
多媒体辅助课堂讲授为主，课堂讨论和课下自学为辅。
[授 课 内 容]
6.1 Polysemy
A. Definition
B. Two approaches to polysemy
C. Two processes leading to polysemy
6.2 Homonymy
A. Types of homonyms
B. Sources of homonyms
6.3 The Stylistic Value of Polysemy and Homonymy
A. The stylistic value of polysemy
B. The stylistic value of homonymy
Chapter 7 Sense Relations Between Words 建议学时：4
[教学目的与要求]
通过本章学习掌握词汇的同义关系，反义关系，上下义关系和语义场的概念及其分类。理解一个语义场中的单词不是指同义词，而是因具有共同的语义特征而联系在一起的单词。
[教学重点与难点]
1. Kinds of sense relations
2. The difference between hyponym and superodinate relative
3. Perfect synonyms
[授 课 方 法]
多媒体辅助课堂讲授为主，课堂讨论和课下自学为辅。
[授 课 内 容]
7.1 Synonymy
A. Definition of synonymy
B. Types of synonymy
&n, bsp; C. Synonymous patterns
D. The choice and appropriate use of synonyms
7.2 Antonymy
A. Types of antonyms
B. Some relevant points about anonyms
C. Use of anonyms
7.3 Hyponymy
A. Definition of hyponymy
B. Functions of hyponymy
7.4 Semantic Field
A. Definition of semantic field
B. Functions of semantic field
Chapter 8 Meaning and Context 建议学时：3
[教学目的与要求]
通过本章学习掌握语境的概念及其分类。理解决定一个单词的意思，语境起着重要的作用。能够用三种建议性的方法更好地正确理解词义。
[教学重点与难点]
1. Two types of contexts
2. The vital roles of context in determination of word meaning
[授 课 方 法]
多媒体辅助课堂讲授为主，课堂讨论和课下自学为辅。
[授 课 内 容]
8.1 Two Types of Contexts
A. Linguistic context
B. Extra-linguistic context / Context of situation
8.2 The Vital Role of Context in Determination of Word Meaning
A. Elimination ambiguities
B. Conveying emotional overtones
C. Indicating referents and the range of the meaning of a word
8.3 Suggested Ways for the Correct Comprehension of Word Meaning
A. The use of an up-to-date and adequate monolingual dictionary
B. A good knowledge of the culture of the English-speaking people
C. Development of the ability to determine the meaning of a word from its context
Chapter 9 Changes in Word Meaning 建议学时：3
[教学目的与要求]
通过本章学习理解词义改变的原因主要有历史原因、社会原因、外来文化影响、语言上的原因以及心理学上的原因。
[教学重点与难点]
1. Causes of changes in word meaning
2. Four tendencies in semantic change
3. Semantic development or change resulting from the figurative use of word
[授 课 方 法]
多媒体辅助课堂讲授为主，课堂讨论和课下自学为辅。
[授 课 内 容]
9.1 Causes of Changes in Word Meaning
A. Historical cause
B. Social cause
C. Foreign influences
D. Linguistic cause
E. Psychological cause
9.2 Four Tendencies in Semantic Change
A. Restriction of meaning(specialization)
B. Extension of meaning(generalization)
C. Degeneration of meaning(pejoration)
D. Elevation of meaning(amelioration)
9.3 Semantic Development or Change Resulting from the Figurative Use of Words
A. Metaphor
B. Metonymy
Chapter 10 English Idioms 建议学时：2
[教学目的与要求]
通过本章学习掌握英语习语的重要特征及其来源。
[教学重点与难点]
1. Classification of idioms
2. Syntactic, structural and stylistic analysis of idioms
[授 课 方 法]
多媒体辅助课堂讲授为主，课堂讨论和课下自学为辅。
[授 课 内 容]
10.1 Introductory Remarks
10.2 Sources of English Idioms
10.3 Classification of Idioms
A. Phrase idioms
B. Clause idioms
C. Sentence idioms
10.4 Syntactic, Structural and Stylistic Analysis of Idioms
A. Syntactic function
B. Transformational restrictions
C. Collective restriction
D. Structural variability
D. Stylistic features
Chapter 11 American English 建议学时：1
[教学目的与要求]
通过本章学习了解美国英语的起源和特点
[教学重点与难点]
1. Characteristics of American English
2. Differences between British and American English
[授 课 方 法]
多媒体辅助课堂讲授为主，课堂讨论和课下自学为辅。
[授 课 内 容]
11.1 Growth of American English
A. Before independence
B. From independence to the early nineteenth century
C. From the early 19thcentury ti the present time
D. The impact of American English on British English
11.2 Characteristics of American English
A. Creativeness in enriching the language
B. Conservativeness or retention of archaic feature
C. Heterogeneity
D. Relative uniformity in speech
F. Use of big words
G. Verbose and plain style in writing
11.3 Differences between British and American English
A. Differences in pronunciation
B. Differences in spelling
C. Differences in grammar
D. Differences in vocabulary
Chapter 12 English Dictionary and How to Use Them 建议学时：1
[教学目的与要求]
通过本章学习了解不同类别的词典并能够理智慎重地选择一本实用性强，适合自己的词典。
[教学重点与难点]
1. The types of dictionary
2. The choice of dictionary
3. The use of dictionary
[授 课 方 法]
多媒体辅助课堂讲授为主，课堂讨论和课下自学为辅。
[授 课 内 容]
12.1 Introductory Remarks
A. Lexicology and dictionaries
B. Trends of English dictionaries-prescriptive and descriptive dictionaries
12.2 Types of Dictionaries
A. Linguistic dictionaries and encyclopedic
B. General and special dictionaries
C. Monolingual and bilingual dictionaries
D. Synchronic and diachronic dictionaries
E. Unabridged, medium-sized, and pocket dictionaries
F. Ideological dictionaries
G. Monolingual dictionaries for non-native learners
12.3 The Choices of a Dictionary
A. Suitability
B. Contents
C. Authority
D. Up-to-dateness
12.4 How to Use a Dictionary
A. Read the introduction and guide to the use of the dictionary
B. Make full use of the entry contents
C. Choose the right meaning
D. Know the inadequacies of the dictionaries
撰稿人：张晓蕾 审核人： 宋庆伟
教学大纲